Energy is typically described as the ability to accomplish work or generate heat. This characterization results in the unit for energy in the International System of Units (SI) being the same as that for work, which is the joule (J). The joule is considered a derived unit of energy and it was named after James …
Energy
Air resistance, also called drag, is a force that slows things down when they move through the air. When something moves in the air, the air gets in the way and pushes back on it. The faster it goes, the harder the air pushes back. The size and shape of the object and how thick …
The third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that whenever an object exerts a force on another thing, the second object will exert an equal but opposite force back on the first object. In other words, forces always occur in pairs and are of …
Newton’s Second Law of Motion says that the bigger the force on an object, the faster it will go. But it also depends on how heavy the object is. This means that if you push a toy car and a real car with the same amount of force, the toy car will move much faster …
Gravitational force is the force that pulls two objects towards each other because of their mass. The larger the mass of an object, the greater its gravitational force, and the farther away two objects are from each other, the weaker the force. The force of gravity is what keeps planets orbiting around stars and is …
Oxygen (O) is a nonmetallic element in Periodic Group 16 (VIa). It is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas. Oxygen is classified as a gas and nonmetal. It has a density of 1.429g/L and an atomic weight of 15.999. At room temperature and pressure, oxygen is made up of two oxygen atoms that combine to …
Photon energy is given as hν or = (h/2π)ω where h is Planck’s constant: 6.626 x 10-34 Joule-sec. Photon energy at one heartz frequency is 6.626 x 10-34 Joule. One photon of visible light contains about 10-19 Joules. To convert the energy of a photon to joule, use the following formula of energy of the photon E …
Most wind turbines are built with rotor-mounted blades resembling aeroplane propellers. When air passes through them, the rotor turns a shaft, which powers an electrical generator. In an ideal world, a wind turbine would convert 100% of the wind that passes through its blades into power. However, due to friction, these wind turbines only have …
The energy of a photon is related to its frequency and its wavelength. It is directly proportional to frequency and inversely proportional to wavelength. The energy associated with a single photon is given by E = hν = hc/λ where E = hc/λ = [6.626 x 10-34 J·s x 2.998 x 108 m s–1]/λ = 1.986× 10−16 J nm photon−1/λPhoton wavelength: 0.377 um or 377 …
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms. As a result, various energy formulas exist. To understand how these formulas are expressions of the same thing, first grasp the concept of energy. Energy is defined as the ability to perform work. Energy comes in a …
Torricelli’s law, also known as Torricelli’s principle or Torricelli’s theorem, states that the speed of fluid flowing out of an orifice in a tank under gravity is proportional to the square root of the vertical distance between the liquid surface and the centre of the orifice and to the square root of twice the gravity …
The quantity of energy transferred from one system to another is called thermodynamic work in thermodynamics. It is a generalisation of the mechanical work concept in mechanics. Work is measured in joules in the SI measurement system (symbol: J). Power is the rate at which work is completed. The equation is: W = nRTln(Vi/Vf) Where: …
Energy transformation refers to the transfer of energy from one form to other. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy is always conserved in the universe and simply transforms from one form to another, with various energy transformations occurring in daily life. Energy is defined as a body’s ability to perform work. There are …
The process of reducing heat transfer between objects in thermal contact or within the range of radiative influence is known as thermal insulation. Thermal insulations are made up of low thermal conductivity materials that have been combined to achieve even lower system thermal conductivity. Thermal insulation can be achieved through the use of specially designed …
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation that occurs primarily in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, though some of it occurs in the visible region as well. Thermal radiation is a term that is frequently used to distinguish this type of electromagnetic radiation from others such as radio waves, x-rays, and gamma rays. It is …